Helicopter having adjustable rotors and stabilizing fins



Dec. 5, v1950 H G TRAVER 2,532,683

HELICOPTER HAVING ADJUSTABLE Ro'roRs AND STABILIZING FINS Filed Nov. 15, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

ff. 6. 7/u ver /9 BY E @QW l Z lwiwy Dec. 5, 1950 H. G. TRAVER HELICOPTER HAVING ADJUSTABLE Ro'roRs AND STABILIZING EINS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 15, 1943 INVENTOE H 6'. @aver H. G. TRAVER HELICOPTER HAVING ADJUSTAB Dec. 5, 1950 2,532,683

LE ROTORS AND STABILIZING FINS 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Nov. 15, 1943 f2 if r n Fm T d T MW f V. m60 H Dec. 5, 1950 H. G. TRAVER 2,532,683

- HELICOPTER HAVING ADJUSTABLE RoToRs AND sTABILIzING FINS 5 sheets-snaai 4 Filed Nov. 15, 1945 INVENTOR. ,H- 6'. Wave/ft BY i a Dec. 5, 1950 Filed NOV. 15, 1945 H. G. TRAVER HELICOPTER HAVING ADJUSTABLE ROTORS AND STABILIZING FINS 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR.

Patented Dec. 5, '1959 2,532,683 llEnICDPT-R QHAVING legalis-TABLE .-ROroRS ANDSTABELIZING Ha'rry "'G. Traver, Cran'fcr, N. 1.

application cveniber 15, `11.9213,aeriallike. 510,261

This inve'ntion relates to aircraft particularly of the helicopter type including a fuselage carrying power vmeans and arranged with 'horizontal stabilizing means, a rudder to 'control `the :direction of night and vmeans to connect the `fuselage to and adapted to Asuspend Vthe fuselage 'from 1lif-ting and propelling rotor means.

It is an object of the invention 'to ,provide in vaircraft; of this type improved means tofrotatably support the rotor means and pivotally connect said rotor supporting means to the fuselageto rsupport Athe rotor means to 'rotate on a vertical yaxis coincident with the -ce'nter of gravity of `the helicopter Yand have adjustment -on a ihorizontal axis extending in Iline with the transverse axis of the fuselage, together with 'means tor-adjust the rotor supporting ymeans about v'its horizontal -ax-is Aof support and 'position the roto'r means to Vrotate in a horizontal plane and vin planes, iincliningfforwardly or rearwardly yof the Ihorizontal, fand means, -iincludirl'g a drive shaft 4constitnting a part of the means to connect the rotor supporting means to Athe fuselage Yto have adjustment about a horizontal axis, to 'operatively 'connect 'the-rotormeans to a primemoverfor .powermeans carried'bytheffuselage.

It is another yobject of lthe in'verition to :provide in aircraft of this type afpairfof .rotors fand improved-means for'supporting the rotors -in-axi al-ly spaced relationand to have independent rotation about concentric axes -and connect the frotors tothe fuselage to have adjustment 'abouta horizontal axis -coin-cident 4with the transverse 4axisof the fuselage, together with meansto-fadjust the rotors to rotate I'in horizontal -planes and in planes inclining `forwardly-'or rearwardly yrela,- tive to the horizontal, and means, includinga drive shaft constituting apart of the rmeans to -connect the rotor means to the lfuselage to have adjustment on `a horizontal axis, to operatively connect the rotors to a prime mover Acarried by the fuselage and rotate the 'rotors in opposite directions.

A further vobject of the Yinven-tion to ,provide in aircraft of -this ytype wherein the srotor means is connected -to the fuselage -to have ladjustment lon a horizontalaXis-'and rotate onva vertical axis,` means mounted 4below the lrotor means *in line with the downward now -of `the rair from the rotor vmeans ladapted to 'function to counteract torque of the rotor Afmeans acting-to impart circular movement -to :the aircraft, Jand may also function to control fthe direction of flight of the aircraft. l

Another object of the inventionislto prov-ide in aircraft of this -type l:improved frotor means comprising a hub fand propeller blades extending radially from said fhub, and i'said propeller blades being constructed with the leading andtrailing vedges -of -each blade -divergingoutwardly .from 'the hub 4and merging with afportion curved lrea-rwardly and terminating in 'a .rounded tip, and said propeller blades Ibeing of convexe-:concave form in Icross section with the leading edge Arounded and the surfaces' tapering :from said leading edge to said trailing :edge sof the iblades and gthe end portion of vthe :blade curved downwardly.

still-'further objectfo'f the invention iis to aprovi'deinaircraf'tof this character, improved rot'or means comprising a propeller including -a hnb vhaving arins fexten'ding radially lti'le'refi-om 'lwiith the blades fixed to and extending radially from certain o'f the-'hub1arrns, and blades adjustably A'connected to one Aor 'fmore of said arms to -eXt'end -radially -Voutward from said hub 'farms #and adapted to be positioned to 'extend at a right angle to the hub-armsand lto position to extend =paral1elly 'cfa ii-xed blade.

Another object of the invention `is tlnfe -provision i-n ia'ircraftof this typeof means "to :meer (the same It'o t'he groundan'd holdfthe rotor means against rotation.

"Gther objects Yand advantages of the invention willihereinafter appear.

In the -drawings accompanying and form'ing a part-of th'isapplication there-is illustrated an embodiment -of V'the invention, wherein Figure 'l Yfis a Vside elevation fof 'a helicopter having the Lfor- `ward 'end `and the rearward end arranged with :the usual horizontal `:stabilizing means and rudder broken away, vand 'the intermediate -portion to retain "the same in 'Vertical position andin position to incline forwardly'and rearwardly relaitivelto"tl'iei/ertical.

'Figure 4--is-a detail View taken on the line 4-11 'o'f -Eigure I3 to show the mounting of the 'fins and 'the mounting Aand l'connection of the adjusting 4means to'thens.

.Figure 5 is a side elevation, partly `in section,

. of means connected .to and `foradjusting the ns andthe means tofactuate said Yadiusti-ngmeans.

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a View taken on the line 1 7 of Figure 5 and looking at the rear of the means to actuate the fin adjusting means.

Figure 8 is a sectional detail view, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 8 8 of Figure 7 to show the connection between the sections of a compound lever means for actuating the iin adjusting means.

Figure 9 is a sectional detail view, on an en larged scale, taken on the line 3 3 of Figure 7.

Figure 10 is a perspective View showing in a diagrammatic manner the connection of the adjusting means to the fins to adjust the one iln to incline in one direction and the other fm to incline in the opposite direction relative to the vertical and the actuating means therefor.

Figure l1 is a plan View of a propeller of the rotor means and showing my improved arrangement of propeller blades, the blades being shown in full lines in normal position, and a pair of blades shown in dot and dash lines in a position of adjustment of said blades.

Figures 12 and 13 are transverse sectional views of a blade of the propeller taken on the lines l2-I2 and l3 3, respectively, of Figure 1l.

Figure 14 is a sectional detail View, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line l4 l4 of Figure 11, to show the adjustable connection of a propeller blade to the propeller hub.

Figure 15 is a detail view in plan and on an enlarged scale of a portion of an arm of the propeller hub and of a portion of a propeller blade to show the adjustable connecting means and f showing the propeller blade adjusted to position to extend radially from an arm of the propeller hub.

Figure 16 is a view showing in a diagrammatic manner the means connecting the blades of the axially spaced propellers of the rotor means to hold the same against rotation and to moor the rotor means to the fuselage; and

Figure 17 is a View similar to Figure 16 but showing means to connect the blades of axially supported propellers of the rotor means to hold the same against rotation and mooring the rotor means and aircraft to the ground.

In carrying out the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings there is provided a fuselage F which may be of any conventional form arranged with a seat or seats, shown in a conventional manner at i3, and having an opening in the top relative thereto. The rear end of the fuselage is .provided with the usual tail assembly (not shown) consisting of horizontal stabilizing means, which may also function as an elevator, and a vertical rudder for controlling the direction of night. The fuselage is also provided with a landing gear which may consist of a pair of wheels carried by brackets 20 xed to the fuselage to dispose the wheels forwardly of the transverse center or axis of the fuselage, and a wheel or skid (not shown) may be provided to support the rear end of the aircraft on the ground.

Rotor means to lift or elevate and propel the aircraft is provided, and as shown comprises a pair of rotors or propellers A and B, each rotor or propeller including two pairs of blades 2l, 22 carried by arms extending diametrically opposite from a hub 23 and spaced 90 degrees from each other, and the propellers supported in axially spaced relation to rotate about concentric axes.

Means are provided to support the rotor means from the fuselage and suspend the fuselage from the rotor means, and to support the rotor means to rotate about a vertical axis disposed in line or coincident with the transverse axis or center of the fuselage to effect adjustment of the rotor means to position to rotate in a horizontal plane and effect lifting and descending movements of the helicopter, or to rotate in planes inclining forwardly or rearwardly relative to the horizontal to sustain and propel the helicopter in a forward or rearward direction.

For this purpose there is provided a bearing box 24, which may consist of a pair of separable sections, having axially alined bosses or trunnions extended from the opposite ends and whereby the bearing box is rotatably supported on a pair of shafts 25, 26 mounted in a pair of coaxially spaced horizontal bearing members 27, 23 disposed in line With the transverse axis or center of the fuselage and mounted upon portions 23, 35 of a supporting frame fixed to and diverging upwardly from opposite sides of the longitudinal center of the fuselage. The shaft is rotatable and constitutes a drive shaft for the rotor means and is operatively connected to and driven from the power shaft of a prime mover or power means, such as an internal combustion engine, shown in a conventional manner at 3 I, by a vertical shaft 32 geared, as at 33, to the shaft of the prime mover. The shaft 32 intersects and is operatively connected to the drive shaft 2S by a worm xed on said shaft 32 meshing with a worm wheel xed on the shaft 26, as shown at 34. The bearing box 24 is arranged with axially alined bearings or trunnions 35 extending at a right angle to the supporting trunnions and disposed in vertical alinement with the center of gravity of the helicopter, the one section of the bearing box being arranged with upwardly converging arms merging with a bearing member, as shown at 36, in axially spaced alinement with the trunnions 35.

The propellers or rotors A, B are connected to and rotatably supported by the bearing box 24 to rotate about concentric axes by a hollow shaft 31 extended through and rotatable in the upper trunnion 35 of the bearing box and the bearing member 36, and on which shaft the hub 23 carrying the blades of the propeller B is fixed and the bearing member 36 supported upon said shaft with an interposed anti-friction bearing, the shaft 3l extending upwardly above said propeller huband into the bearing box and is operatively connected at said latter end to the drive shaft 26 by a bevel pinion 38 fixed on said drive shaft meshing with a bevel gear 33 xed on the hollow shaft 31 within and connecting the bearing box to said hollow shaft. The propeller A is carried at the upper end of a shaft 4@ extended through and having a bearing in the hollow shaft and in the lower bearing trunnion 35 of the bearing box and is operatively connected to the drive shaft 25 by a bevel gear 4l fixed thereto meshing with the pinion 38 on the drive shaft and also serving to connect the bearing box to the propeller carrying shafts. The shaft 40 is supported by a collar 42 fixed to the shaft engaging a collar 43 engaging the end of the hollow shaft, anti-friction bearings being interposed between the collars 42, 43 and the collar 43 and end of the hollow shaft. To provide additional supporting means for the rotors or propellers the propeller A is supported by the collar 42 by braces in the form of rods 44 connected at one end to said collar and at the opposite end to the blades of said propeller, or

hub am'scarrying said bladesjfand theA propeller B is similarly supported |from the col-lar 43 Iby 'braces in the form of Vrods 45 connected at one end to the collar d3 and connected at the op- `posite end to the blades of saidpropeller or the hub arms carrying sai-d blades.

, To cause the rotors or Vpropell'ers to rotate in horizontal planes to -lift or elevate and permit of descending movement of the helicopter, or to rotate in planes inclining forwardly or rearwardly relative'to the horizontal to sustain 'and cause the helicopter to travel forwardly or rearwardly,'means are provided vto adjust the bearing box 24 and therewith the propeller supporting means about its horizontal axis of support. -As 'shown 'this means comprises a tapering frame `built of structural steel `136 securediat thebase, Yby welding or otherwise, tothe bottomjsection of the bearing box 24,'as'at '41, with the tapering rend lextending downwardly through Yan opening in the top of the fuselage, as shown in Figures l and 2. The lowerend of'said frame is connected to actuating means therefor, shown as a lever 88, pivotally supported by a bracket '49, xed on an upright member of the framework of the fuselage, one arm of which lever is pivotally'connected to one end of a'connecting link or rod 58 pivotally connected at the opposite end to said frame'. Theopposite end of 'the lever 48 has a pin and slot connection with a sleeve,'as shown at 5I, threaded onto a threaded post 52 pivotally supported 'at one end on the upright of the framework of vthe fuselage to which the bracket 49 is xed, and the opposite end having a hand wheel 53 fixed thereon and disposed adjacent the seat `l8.

Means are provided Vto counteract torque'of the rotor means, particularly when 'the rotor means consists of a single'propeller, tending to cause the helicopter to'deviate from astraight course in flight vand 'impart circular movement thereto, which means may also function to'control the direction'of flight and effect turning movement of the helicopter. This Ymeans is disposed between the rotor means and fuselage in line `with thedownward flow of air from the rotor means and may comprise a 1in so inclined relative to the line of flight as to cause orretard circular movement of the helicopter, or may comprise "a vseries of fins disposed below the rotors at opposite sides of the longitudinal center of the fuselage so 'inclined as to cause or retard circular movement ofthe helicopter, or may be `pivotally supported and adjustable to change the angular positions of said ns. As shown, a pair offins 54, 55 are pivotally supported at one end to extend outwardly from opposite sides of the portions 29, 30 ofthe supporting frame and have adjustment on horizontal axes coaxially of the axis of support of the rotor supporting and'adjusting bearing box 2d. One end of the fins extends in a straight plane and the fins are provided at said end and centrally of the fins with a tubular bearing member 58 adapted to be engaged upon the ends of shafts 5l, 58 mounted in and pro-jecting from the gearing members 2l, 28. The shafts 55, 5l' may be fixed in the bearing members 21, 28 and the fins rotatably mounted on the projecting ends thereof, or said shafts may be loosely mounted in said bearing members and the fins fixed upon the projecting ends of said shafts.

Means are provided to adjust the ns about their axes of support to position both of the fins to 'extend 'in their fins -to incline rearwardly relative to the vertical yin the direction of the angle of inclinationof -the rotors to propel the `helicopter rearwardly, `or `to adjust the lfins to position 'with one fin inclining forwardly and the other n inclining rearwardly relative to the vertical. For this purpose va sector 59 is pivotally mounted on'ea'ch of the'shafts 57, 58 interposed between the end of the bearing members 58 xed tothe fins and the bearing members 21,28, as shownin Figure 4. A pair of sectors 68 arevxed in spacedrelation on a shaft 6I rotatably supported in bracket s2 iixedly supported in the fuselage, thevsectors *6e being :disposed below and in line vwith the lsectors 59 and the sectors 59 connected to the sectors 68 by'a pair of cables 53, 8d attached at one -end to'pins fixed in the sectors 59-a-djacentthe ends thereof and attached at the opposite ends to pins adjacent the ends ofthe sectorsi, asfshown in Figures 3 and 5. The *sector carrying shaft 6| is connectedb'y va rod '69 to a section e5 v(Figures 5 and 7) Iof af'sectional Vlever fixed on a horizontal shaft :66 extending transversely of the fuselage A'and rotatably supported in bearingmembersi-B 4iixedly "supported Yin the fuselage, Vsaid section 'of the lever being interposedI between one of the bearings 6? and a toothed sector A158 juxtaposed to the other Vbearing 57 is disposed 'concentrically of the movement of the leverse'ction 55 with the shaft 86 extended Athrough-an' opening l in 'a lboss of the toothed sector, and the sector iixedly mounted 'in the fuselage. The other end of the rod 59 isconnected to a yoke member '19 pivotally connected to an larm `1| iixed Von rthe shaft 6| carrying'thesectors-. The'lever'se'ction 65 is Vactuated bythe other lever section 12 having aha'nd grip 'F3 `pivotallyni-oun-ted on a pinfixed in 'and extending betweenthe legs of a bifurcation at the upper end of the lever section 65,'as shown in Figure 8, to Vhave movement on an axis transverseto the axis Yofsupvport of the lever section55"andlreleasably 'retained in adjusted position by aipawl 15 mounted to have longitudinal sliding movementina lug extended laterally'from the lever section 1-2 -en- 'gaging a tooth space of a toothed sector 18 constructed `integral with one of the legs of the bifurcation 'M at the 'end of `the lever section 55. The pawl is connected'by a link 11 `to one end of a lever "I8 pivotally mounted on the lever section "l2 andthe lever connected to an ractuator 18 vertically slidable in 'spaced lugs Si! extended laterally from the lever section 'lL/a spring coiled about said actuator'and confined between the lower lug'SB and va collar xedson the actuator, as shown at 8 l, urging theactuator toposition to normally engage the pawl with a tooth space of the toothed sector 16. The lever section'65 is releasably retained in adjusted'position Vby a pawl 82 slidably engaging a slideway in one of the bifurcated legs 14 engaging a tooth space of the toothed sector 6B, rasshown in Figures 5 and '7. The pawl 82 'is connected by a link 83 to one arm of a bell crank operating lever Se pivotally carried by the lever 'section 12 and normally urged in a direction to engage the pawl 82 with a tooth space ofthe sector A68 by a spring 85 interposed betweenthe other arm of the lever '84 and the hand grip 'I3 of ysaid lever section l2. With the lever members in the position shown in Figures 5 and 7 the fins are in the vertical position shown in Figures l, 2 and 3. To adjust the ns to position to inoline forwardly relative to the vertical the lever section 65 is actuated to the right from the position shown in Figure 5, and to adjust the fins to position to incline rearwardly relative to the vertical said lever section 55 is actuated to the left from the position shown in said Figure V5.

To simultaneously adjust the fins 54, 55 to vvertical position, or to positions with one fin inclining forwardly and the other n inclining rearwardly relative to the vertical, as diagrammatically shown in Figure 10, the lever section 12 is arranged with two arms 85, 8l' extending oppositely from the lever in line with the pivotal connection of the lever sections. A pair of cables 88, 89 are attached at one end to a pin extending from opposite sides of the lever arm 8l' adjacent the end thereof, and a pair of cables 9B, 9| are attached at one end to pins extended from opposite sides f the lever arm 85 adjacent the end thereof. 3 a pair of rollers 52, 53 are rotatably mounted on each sector 59 adjacent the ends thereof and a pair of rollers 95., 95 are rotatably mounted on ears of the sectors disposed at opposite sides of the hub of the sectors. A cable guiding roller 96 (Figure 3) is rotatably supported by an arm extending downwardly from the hub of said sectors. The cable 59 is guided from the connection thereof with the lever arm t? over rollers to the guide roller 95 carried by the sector 55 associated with n 55 and from said roller over the roller S4, and from said latter roller over roller 92 and attached at the end to a pin Si xed in and extending from the end of the iin 55. The cable attached to the other lever arm 85 is also attached to said pin 9?, said cable being guided from the lever arm 85 over rollers to roller 95 associated with the n 55 and by the latter roller guided over the other roller 95 and thence passes around the other roller 93 and attached at the end to the pin 91. The other cable 88 attached to the lever arm 8l passes around and is guided by rollers to roller Sii associated with the fin 54 and is guided by said latter roller over one of the pairs of rollers 95, 93 and attached at the end to the pin Si xed in and extending from the end of the fin 54. The cable 9@ is attached to the lever arm 86, passes around and is guided by rollers to the roller 56 associated with the n 55 at the side opposite the cable 85 and thence passes over the other roller of the pairs of rollers S4 and 52 and attached to the pin Sl fixed in the fin 54. The passing of the cables 89, 5i over rollers 55, Se, 55 associated with the n 55, and the cables 85, Si passing around the corresponding rollers carried by the sector associated with the n 54 and attached to the pin 5l fixed in said latter iin also function to operatively connect the sectors 59 to the respective nns 5d, 55 when the sectors are actuated by the cables 53, 54 to adjust the fins to incline in the same direction forwardly or rearwardly relative to the vertical. Should the lever section l2 be actuated in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure l0 move the lever arm 8l will be moved upwardly and the fins actuated in the direction indicated by the arrows c1. and b, the dn 54 being adjusted to position to incline rearwardly relative to the vertical and the lin 55 adjusted to incline forwardly relative to the vertical. Should the lever As shown in Figure section 12 be actuated in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow in Figure 10 the ins 54, will be adjusted in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrows a, b, the iin 54 being adjusted to incline forwardly and the n 55 to incline rearwardly relative to the vertical by the connection of the cables 89, 9D with the lever arms 86, El and the connection of cable S5 to the n 54 and connection of cable 9| to nn 55. The lever section 12 and thereby the ns are releasably retained in adjusted position by the engagement of the pawl 'i5 carried by the lever section T2 with a tooth space of the toothed sector 'l5 associated with the lever section 55.

To increase the lifting effect of the rotors or propellers there is provided an improved construction and arrangement of propeller blades as shown in Figures 11 to 15. Each of the propellers consists of four propeller blades disposed in diametrically opposite pairs and spaced 90 degrees apart. The propeller hub 23 is arranged with the pairs of diametrically outward extending arms 5S in which the blades are mounted. The leading and trailing edges 0f the blades diverge outwardly from each other to substantially one-half the length of the blades, as at |05, and merge with rearwardly curved portions lill extending toward and merging with a rounded portion at the tip, and whereby the end portion of the blades is curved rearwardly. The blades are of convexe-concave form in cross section, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, with the leading edge rounded and the blades tapering from the leading edge and the trailing edge.

The propeller blades are of a, length to extend beyond the opposite sides of the fuselage, and to adapt the helicopter to be stored in a hangar of small size certain of the blades are adjustable to extend radially from the propeller hub or to position to extend parallelly of another blade longitudinally of the fuselage. As shown, a pair of diametrically opposite extending 4blades are adjustably connected to the hub arm 99 whereby said blades may be adjusted to extend radially from the hub arms or be adjusted to position to extend at substantially a right angle to the hub arms and in the direction of the other pair of propellers, as shown in dot and dash lines in Figure l1, and the propeller is adjusted to position with the blades extending in a direction longitudinally of the fuselage. For this purpose a pair of diametrically oppositely extending hub arms are arranged with a bifurcated end, as shown at |02 in Figure 14, and

l the end of a pair of propeller blades, such as the blades 2|, are also bifurcated, as shown at |53, and arranged whereby one of the bifurcation legs of the blades will engage within and be juxtaposed to a bifurcation leg of a hub arm, and the other bifurcation leg of the blade engaging at the outer side and juxtaposed to the other leg of the bifurcation of the hub arm.

openings in the interengaged portions of the' bifurcations, as at |55. To adjust the blades to extend at a right angle to the hub arms the pin or bolt |95 is removed and the blades adjusted on the pin or bolt |04 to position openings in the blades in register with openings |66 in the hub arms, and the pin or bolt |05 may be engaged therein to hold the blades in said position.

To moor the aircraft in the open, means are provided to secure the rotors or propellers A and B against rotation and secure the rotors or propellers to the fuselage, or to the ground and'thus moor the aircraft. In Figure 16 the blades 2| of the propellers A and B are shown in a diagrammatic manner as secured together and held against rotation by rods or cables, as shown at |01, and the propellers anchored" to the fuselage, shown in a conventional manner by dot and dash lines, by rods or cablesle. In the arrangement shown in Figure 17 the rotors or pro pellers are held against rotation in a manner similar to that shown in Figure 16 by rods or cables lill, and the propellers anchored or moored to a stake in a ground by cables ist, said cables also functioning to anchor or moor the aircraft to the ground.

Having described my invention, I claim:

l. In a helicopter including a fuselage arranged with horizontal stabilizing means and a verticalrudder and power means carried thereby, a supporting frame fixed to the fuselage intermediate the ends having lateral spaced portions diverging upwardly from opposite sides of the longitudinal center ofthe fuselage, a shaft carried at the upper end of each of said frame portions disposed in axially spaced horizontal relation in line with the transverse center of the fuselage and one of said shafts being rotatable and constituting a drive shaft, means to operatively connect and rotate said drive shaft from the power means, a bearing box pivotally mounted on and connected to the frame through said shafts and having a lever member fixed to and extending downwardly therefrom between the frame portions into the fuselage, a pair of elevating and propelling rotors, means rotatable in and connecting said rotors in superposed spaced relation to the bearing box to rotate on concentric vertical axes coincident with the center of Ygravity of the fuselage, means to operatively connect said rotors to the drive shaft of v the means connecting the bearing box to the frame and rotate the same with the rotors in opposite directions, and means connected to the lever member extended downwardly from the bearing box including a lever pivotally mounted in the fuselage and operative to adjust the bearing box with the rotors on the shafts supporting and connecting the bearing box to the frame and position the rotors to rotate in a horizontal plane and in different planes inclining to the horizontal.

2. In a helicopter as claimed in claim l, a pair of fins mounted on the supporting frame to extend outwardly from the opposite sides thereof and have adjustment on axes coaxiallyY of the shafts supporting and connecting the bearing box to the frame, and means operative to simultaneously adjust said fins on their axes of support to extend in a vertical plane and to positions to incline at the sain-e angle and direction in different planes relative to the vertical.

3. In a helicopter as claimed in claim l, a pair of fins mounted on the supporting frame to extend outwardly from the opposite sides thereof and have adjustment on axes coaxially of the shafts supporting and connecting the bearing box to the frame, means operative to adjust said fins on their axes of support to extend in a vertical plane transversely of the line of night and to positions to incline at the same angle and direction in different planes relative to the vertical, and means to adjust the fins to incline in opposite directions at Athe same angle relative to the vertical.

4. In a helicopter as claimed in claim 1, a pair ofl fins mounted on and Vextending outwardly from the upwardly diverging portions of the supporting frame t0 have adjustment on axes coaxially on the shafts supporting and connecting the bearing box to the frame, and means operative simultaneously to adjust said fins on their axes of support to extend in a vertical plane and adjust the fins to incline at the same angle and direction relative to the vertical and to incline in opposite directions at the same angle relative to the vertical.

5. In a helicopter including a fuselage and a prime mover carried thereby, a supporting frame mounted on the fuselage, a pair of lifting and propelling propellers, means supporting said propellers in axially spaced relation and to have independent rotation on coaxial axes connected to said supporting frame to have pivotal movement on a horizontal axis in line with the transverse center of the fuselage and dispose the propellers with the axesof rotation thereof in line with thecenter of gravity of the fuselage, means to operatively connect and rotate the propeller supporting means with the propellers in opposite directions from the prime mover, means to adjust said propeller supporting means with the propellers about its horizontal axis of support in the supporting frame to position the propellers to rotate in horizontal planes and in planes inclining forwardly or rearwardly of the fuselage relative to the horizontal, fins pivotally supported below the propellers to extend from opposite sides of the fuselage and have adjustment on hori zontal axes, means connected to and operative to simultaneously adjust said fins to extend vertically and to positions to incline in the same direction relative to the vertical, and means to simultaneously adjust said ns to incline in directions opposite fto each other relative to the vertical.

6, In a helicopter including a fuselage and a prime mover mounted therein, a supporting frame mounted on and extending upwardly from the fuselage, rotor means, means connected to the supporting frame to have pivotal movement on a horizontal axis in line with the transverse center of the fuselage and rotatably supporting the rotor means to rotate on an axis coincident with the center of gravity of the fuselage, means to operatively connect and rotate the rotor means from the prime mover, means to adjust said rotor supporting means about its horizontal axis of support to position the rotor means to revolve in a horizontal plane and in planes inclining forwardly or rearwardly of the fuselage relative to the horizontal, fins mounted on the supporting frame below the rotor means to extend outwardl;7 from the opposite sides thereof and have adjustment on horizontal axes extending transversely of the fuselage, a sector associated with and pivn otally supported concentric of each lin, means for connecting and transmitting movement of the sectors to the ns, lever mechanism pivotally supported in the fuselage, and means to connect said lever mechanism to the sectors and adapted by actuation of the lever mechanism to simultaneously actuate said sectors to adjust the fins to vertical position transversely of the line of flight and to positions to incline forwardly cr rearwardly' of the vertical and to positions with one iin inclining in one direction relative to the vertical and the other fin to incline relative to the vertical in a direction opposite to the direction of inclination of the first n, and means to releasably lock the lever mechanism against movement and the fins in adjusted position.

7. In a helicopter including a fuselage and a prime mover mounted therein, a supporting frame mounted on and extending upwardly from the fuselage, rotor means, means connected to the supporting frame to have pivotal movement on a horizontal axis in line with the transverse center of the fuselage and rotatably supporting the rotor means to rotate on an axis coincident with the center of gravity of the fuselage, means to operatively connect and rotate the rotor means from the prime mover, means to adjust said rotor supporting means about its horizontal axis of support to position the rotor means to revolve in a horizontal plane and in planes inclining forwardly or rearwardly of the fuselage relative to the horizontal, ns mounted on the supporting frame below the rotor means to extend outwardlyl from the opposite sides thereof and have adjustment on horizontal axes extending transversely of the fuselage, means operative to simultaneously adjust the ns to extend vertically and to positions to incline in the same direction relative to the vertical comprising sectors associated with and loosely supported concentrically of the axis of support of the ns, means for connecting and transmitting movement of said sectors to the ns, sectors rotatably mounted on the fuselage below and in line with the first sectors, means connecting said sectors to transmit the movement of said second sectors to the rst sectors, a pivoted lever connected to and operative to transmit pivotal movement to the second sectors, and means to releasably lock the lever against movement and thereby the sectors and ns in adjusted position.

8. In a helicopter as claimed in claim 7, means to adjust the ns to incline in directions opposite to each other relative to the vertical, comprises a pair of rollers mounted on each of the rst sectors one adjacent each end thereof and a pair of rollers one at each side of the axis of support of the sectors, a pair of arms extending oppositely from the pivoted lever in line with the pivot support thereof, a pair of cables secured at one end to one arm of the lever, one of said cables passing over one roller of the pair of rollers carried by one sector and secured to the fin associated with said sector, and the other cable passing over a roller of the pair of rollers carried by the sector associated with the other n and secured to said latter n, a second pair of cables secured at one end to the other lever arm, one of said cables passing over the other roller of the pair of rollers carried by a sector associated with one n and secured to said fin, and the other cable passing over the other roller of the pair of rollers carried by the sector associated with the other fin and secured to said n.

HARRY G. TRAVER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number' Name Date 1,189,680 Gardner July 4, 1916 1,236,741 Morris Aug. 14, 1917 1,345,159 Freeman June 29, 1920 1,356,534 Lemire Oct. 26, 1920 1,378,112 Hewitt May 17, 1921 1,672,276 Nordberg June 5, 1928 1,692,082 Cierva Nov. 20, 1928 1,775,783 Perrin Sept. 16, 1930 1,910,520 Cierva May 23, 1933 1,969,781 Cierva Aug. 14, 1934 1,977,724 Hays Oct. 23, 1934 2,037,745 Vaughn Apr. 21, 1936 2,058,678 Fry Oct. 17, 1936 2,074,805 Platt Mar. 23, 1937 2,302,068 Stanley Nov. 17, 1942 2,381,968 Bossi Aug. 14, 1945 2,404,014 Thornes July 16, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Comitry Date 432,245 Great Britain July 18, 1935 

